Upper house

The composition of the upper house is a political issue that indicates how the upper house is formed.


 * Ruling Party Only - Members of the upper house are appointed from the government, giving the ruling party control over the upper house.
 * Appointed - Members of the upper house are appointed from the landed gentry, giving the rich strata control over the upper house.
 * Two per State - Two members of the upper house are elected by each state's population, giving everyone control over the upper house but giving uneven weight to less populous states.
 * Based on Population - Members of the upper house are elected based on the nation's population, giving everyone control over the upper house.